Glukosa

Glukosa
	; ;
	Mga pagsaladawan nin glukosa: prodyeksyong Haworth, prodyeksyong Fischer, sagkod an bola asin istik na modelo

An glukosa (Ingles: glucose) iyo sarong simpleng asukar na may molekular na pormula na C₆H₁₂O₆. An glukosa an pinakaabundanteng monosakarido (monosaccharide),^[1] na iyo sarong subkategorya nin carbohydrates. Ini iyo pangenot na nahihimo nin mga tinanom asin kadaklan nin algae sa potosintesis gikan sa tubig asin karbon dioksido, gamit an enerhiya hale sa saldang, kun sain ini iyo ginagamit sa paggibo nin cellulose sa mga selulang harigi (cell wall), na iyo an pinakaabundanteng carbohydrate.^[2]

Sa enerhiyang metabolismo, an glukosa an pinakaimportanteng gunuan nin enerhiya kan gabos na mga organismo. An glukosa para sa metabolismo iyo pig-iipon bilang sarong polimero, sa mga tinanom bilang starch asin amylopectin, sagkod sa mga hayop bilang glikoheno (glycogen). An glukosa minaikot sa dugo nin mga hayop bilang dugong asukar. An natural na porma nin glukosa iyo d-glucose, mientras an l-glucose iyo sintetikong nagigibo sa komparatibong sadit na bilang sagkod sa kadikit na importansya.

An glukosa iyo sarong monosakarido na pigbibilog nin anom na karbon na atomo asin sarong aldehyde na grupo, kaya ini iyo sarong aldohexose. An molekulang glukosa pwedeng yayaon sa sarong bukas na kadena (acyclic) pati man bilang sarong singsing (cyclic) na porma. An glukosa iyo natural asin iyo nahihiling sa mga prutas asin iba pang parte nin mga tinanom sa talingkas kaining istado. Sa mga hayop, an glukosa iyo nailuluwas gikan sa pagkagaba nin glikoheno sa prosesong inaapod na glikohenolisiso (glycogenolysis).

An glukosa, bilang intrabenyosong asukar na solusyon, iyo yaon sa World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, an pinakaligtas asin pinakaepektibong medisina na kinakaipo sa sarong sistemang pangsalud.^[3] Yaon man ini sa listahan bilang kombinasyon sa sodyo klorido (sodium chloride).^[3]

An ngarang glucose sa Ingles iyo gikan sa Pranses hale sa taramong Griyego na γλυκός ('glukos'), na may boot sabihon na "mahamis", na reperensya sa must, na mahamis, enot na pagpuga nin ubas sa paggibo nin wine.^[4]^[5] An suffix na "-ose" iyo sarong kimikal na pagklasipika, na minasambit nin sarong asukar.

Hilingon man[baguhon | baguhon an source]

Panluwas na takod[baguhon | baguhon an source]

"Glucose". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Dextrose mixture with sodium chloride". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Toltolan[baguhon | baguhon an source]

↑ Domb, Abraham J.; Kost, Joseph; Wiseman, David (1998-02-04). Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-4200-4936-7.
↑ Kenji Kamide: Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives. Elsevier, 2005, ISBN 978-0-080-45444-3, p. 1.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
↑ "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-25. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ Thénard, Gay-Lussac, Biot, and Dumas (1838) "Rapport sur un mémoire de M. Péligiot, intitulé: Recherches sur la nature et les propriétés chimiques des sucres". Archived 2015-12-06 at the Wayback Machine. (Report on a memoir of Mr. Péligiot, titled: Investigations on the nature and chemical properties of sugars), Comptes rendus, 7 : 106–113. From page 109. Archived 2015-12-06 at the Wayback Machine.: "Il résulte des comparaisons faites par M. Péligot, que le sucre de raisin, celui d'amidon, celui de diabètes et celui de miel ont parfaitement la même composition et les mêmes propriétés, et constituent un seul corps que nous proposons d'appeler Plantilya:Em (1). … (1) γλευχος, moût, vin doux." It follows from the comparisons made by Mr. Péligot, that the sugar from grapes, that from starch, that from diabetes and that from honey have exactly the same composition and the same properties, and constitute a single substance that we propose to call glucose (1) … (1) γλευχος, must, sweet wine.

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[DombKost1998-1] Domb, Abraham J.; Kost, Joseph; Wiseman, David (1998-02-04). Handbook of Biodegradable Polymers. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-4200-4936-7.

[2] Kenji Kamide: Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives. Elsevier, 2005, ISBN 978-0-080-45444-3, p. 1.

[WHO21st-3] 3.0 ^3.1 World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[4] "Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2016-11-26. Retrieved 2016-11-25. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[5] Thénard, Gay-Lussac, Biot, and Dumas (1838) "Rapport sur un mémoire de M. Péligiot, intitulé: Recherches sur la nature et les propriétés chimiques des sucres". Archived 2015-12-06 at the Wayback Machine. (Report on a memoir of Mr. Péligiot, titled: Investigations on the nature and chemical properties of sugars), Comptes rendus, 7 : 106–113. From page 109. Archived 2015-12-06 at the Wayback Machine.: "Il résulte des comparaisons faites par M. Péligot, que le sucre de raisin, celui d'amidon, celui de diabètes et celui de miel ont parfaitement la même composition et les mêmes propriétés, et constituent un seul corps que nous proposons d'appeler Plantilya:Em (1). … (1) γλευχος, moût, vin doux." It follows from the comparisons made by Mr. Péligot, that the sugar from grapes, that from starch, that from diabetes and that from honey have exactly the same composition and the same properties, and constitute a single substance that we propose to call glucose (1) … (1) γλευχος, must, sweet wine.

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