Hilingon an source kan Euclid

{{Infobox scientist|name=Euclid|caption=|image=Scuola di atene 23.jpg|birth_date=Mid-4th century BC|death_date=Mid-3rd century BC|field=[[Mathematics]]|known_for={{ublist |[[Euclidean geometry]] |[[Euclid's Elements|Euclid's ''Elements'']]|[[Euclidean algorithm]]}}}}Si '''Euclid''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|juː|k|l|ɪ|d}}; {{lang-grc|[[Wikt:Εὐκλείδης|Εὐκλείδης]]}} – ''Eukleídēs'', {{IPA-grc|eu̯.kleː.dɛːs|pron}}; [[Floruit|fl.]] 300 BC), inaapod man na '''Euclid kan Alexandriya'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/mathmathematicia00brun/page/125|title=Math and Mathematicians: The History of Math Discoveries Around the World|last=Bruno|first=Leonard C.|date=2003|publisher=U X L|others=Baker, Lawrence W.|isbn=978-0-7876-3813-9|location=Detroit, Mich.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mathmathematicia00brun/page/125 125]|oclc=41497065|orig-year=1999}}</ref> para magkaigwang kalaenan ki [[Euclid of Megara]], sarong Griyegong matematiko, na sarong "kagmukna nin [[heometriya]]"<ref name=":0" /> o "ama nin heometriya".

Siya aktibo sa [[Alexandria]] kan namamayo si [[Ptolemy I Soter|Ptolemy&nbsp;I]] (323–283 BC). An saiyang ''[[Euclid's Elements|Elements]]'' an saro sa mga impluwensiyal niyang gibo sa kasaysayan nin matematika,an nagsisirbeng libro sa pagtukdo nin matematika (urog na an [[heometriya]]) sa puon kan publikasyon hasta sa huring ika-19 o enot na siglo.<ref>Ball, pp. 50–62.</ref><ref>Boyer, pp. 100–19.</ref><ref>Macardle, et al. (2008). ''Scientists: Extraordinary People Who Altered the Course of History.'' New York: Metro Books. g. 12.</ref> Sa ''Elements'', binawasan ni Euclid an theorem kaya inaapod ngunyan na [[Euclidean geometry]] hale sa sadit na [[Axiom|axioms]]. Sinurat man ni Euclid an [[Perspective (visual)|perspective]], [[Conic section|conic sections]], [[spherical geometry]], [[number theory]], asin [[Rigour#Mathematical proof|mathematical rigour]].

== Etimolohiya ==
An Ingles na ngarang ''Euclid'' iyo an anglikong bersyon kan Griyegong ngarang Εὐκλείδης, boot-sabihon "bistado, matrayumpo".<ref name="Etymology">{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Euclidean|access-date=March 18, 2015|first=Douglas|last=Harper|title=Euclidean (adj.)|work=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref>

[[Ladawan:Euclidis_quae_supersunt_omnia.tif|thumb|''Euclidis quae supersunt omnia'' (1704)]]
[[Ladawan:Euclid_Dodecahedron_1.svg|thumb|Euclid's construction of a regular [[dodecahedron]].]]
[[Ladawan:Cube_to_dodecahedron_240px.gif|thumb|Construction of a dodecahedron by placing faces on the edges of a cube.]]

== Legasiya ==
An [[Euclid (spacecraft)|Euclid]] [[spacecraft]] kan [[European Space Agency]] (ESA) iyo pinangaranan para sa saiyang onra.<ref>{{cite web|title=NASA Delivers Detectors for ESA's Euclid Spacecraft|url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=6840|work=NASA|year=2017}}</ref>

== Mga toltolan ==
{{Reflist}}

=== Mga nasambit na ginibuhan ===
{{refbegin|40em}}
* Artmann, Benno (1999). ''Euclid: The Creation of Mathematics''. New York: Springer. {{ISBN|0-387-98423-2}}.
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/shortaccountofhi0000ball/page/50|title=A Short Account of the History of Mathematics|last=Ball|first=W.W. Rouse|publisher=Dover Publications|year=1960|isbn=978-0-486-20630-1|edition=4th|pages=[https://archive.org/details/shortaccountofhi0000ball/page/50 50–62]|author-link=W. W. Rouse Ball|orig-year=1908}}
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema00boye|title=A History of Mathematics|last=Boyer|first=Carl B.|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|year=1991|isbn=978-0-471-54397-8|edition=2nd|author-link=Carl Benjamin Boyer}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.mathopenref.com/euclid.html|title=Euclid|first=Charlene|last=Douglass|editor=Page, John D.|date=2007|work=[[Math Open Reference]] <!-- Intentional red link; someone should do article on this resource -->}} With extensive bibliography.
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/thirteenbooksofe00eucl|title=The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements|last=Heath|first=Thomas (ed.)|publisher=Dover Publications|year=1956|isbn=978-0-486-60088-8|volume=1|author-link=T. L. Heath|orig-year=1908}}
* {{cite book|title=''Euclid, ''Elements|last=Heath|first=Thomas L.|date=1908|editor-last=Heath|editor-first=Thomas L.|volume=1|pages=1–6|chapter=Euclid and the Traditions About Him|chapter-url=http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Euc.+1|access-date=2021-05-23|archive-date=2010-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127080511/http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/|dead-url=yes}}As reproduced in the .
* Heath, Thomas L. (1981). ''A History of Greek Mathematics'', 2 Vols. New York: Dover Publications. {{ISBN|0-486-24073-8|0-486-24074-6}}.
* [[Morris Kline|Kline, Morris]] (1980). ''Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-502754-X}}.
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Euclid|title=Euclid of Alexandria}}
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Euclid|title=Theon of Alexandria}}
* [[Proclus]], ''A commentary on the First Book of Euclid's Elements'', translated by Glenn Raymond Morrow, Princeton University Press, 1992. {{ISBN|978-0-691-02090-7}}.
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0000stru_m6j1|title=A Concise History of Mathematics|last=Struik|first=Dirk J.|publisher=Dover Publications|year=1967|isbn=978-0-486-60255-4|author-link=Dirk Jan Struik|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|title=Euclid|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/194880/Euclid|access-date=November 21, 2014|date=October 30, 2014|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|first1=Bartel Leendert|last1=Van der Waerden|author-link1=Bartel Leendert van der Waerden|first2=Christian Marinus|last2=Taisbak}}
{{refend}}

== Magbasa pa lalo ==

* {{cite book|title=Euclid and Geometry|last=DeLacy|first=Estelle Allen|publisher=Franklin Watts|year=1963|location=New York}}
* {{cite book|title=The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements: A Study of the Theory of Incommensurable Magnitudes and Its Significance for Early Greek Geometry|last=Knorr|first=Wilbur Richard|publisher=D. Reidel|year=1975|isbn=978-90-277-0509-9|location=Dordrecht, Holland}}
* {{cite book|title=Philosophy of Mathematics and Deductive Structure in Euclid's Elements|last=Mueller|first=Ian|publisher=MIT Press|year=1981|isbn=978-0-262-13163-6|location=Cambridge, MA}}
* {{cite book|title=A Long Way from Euclid|last=Reid|first=Constance|publisher=Crowell|year=1963|location=New York}}
* {{cite book|title=The Beginnings of Greek Mathematics|last=Szabó|first=Árpád|publisher=D. Reidel|others=A.M. Ungar, trans|year=1978|isbn=978-90-277-0819-9|location=Dordrecht, Holland}}

== Panluwas na takod ==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|En-Euclid-article.ogg|date=2020-09-29}}{{Commons category|Euclid}}
* [https://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/elements.html Euclid's Elements] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231080048/https://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/elements.html |date=2020-12-31 }}, All thirteen books, with interactive diagrams using Java. [[Clark University]]
* [https://farside.ph.utexas.edu/books/Euclid/Euclid.html Euclid's Elements], with the original Greek and an English translation on facing pages (includes PDF version for printing). [[University of Texas]].
* [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/21076/21076-pdf Euclid's Elements, books I–VI], in English pdf, in a Project Gutenberg Victorian textbook edition with diagrams.
* [https://euclides.org Euclid's Elements], All thirteen books, in several languages as Spanish, Catalan, English, German, Portuguese, Arabic, Italian, Russian and Chinese.
* [https://www.rarebookroom.org/Control/eucgeo/index.html ''Elementa Geometriae''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629092955/https://www.rarebookroom.org/Control/eucgeo/index.html |date=2022-06-29 }} 1482, Venice. From [[Rare Book Room]].
* [https://www.rarebookroom.org/Control/eucmsd/index.html ''Elementa''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419144305/http://www.rarebookroom.org/Control/eucmsd/index.html |date=2022-04-19 }} 888 AD, Byzantine. From [[Rare Book Room]].
* [https://www.wilbourhall.org Texts on Ancient Mathematics and Mathematical Astronomy] PDF scans (Note: many are very large files). Includes editions and translations of Euclid's ''Elements'', ''Data'', and ''Optica'', Proclus's ''Commentary on Euclid'', and other historical sources.
* [https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/english.20856.1 "The elements of geometrie of the most auncient Philosopher Euclide of Megara"] (1570) from the [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/eng.html English Printing Collection] in the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at the [[Library of Congress]].
{{poon}}
[[Kategorya:Mga matematiko]]