Lingua franca

Para sa ibang gamit, Hilingon an Lingua franca (klaripikasyon).

An lingua franca (/ˌlɪŋɡwə ˈfræŋkə/ ( dangogon); lit. Frankish tongue),^[1] bisto man sa tulay na tataramon, karaniwang tataramon, pankalakal na tataramon, auxiliary language, behikular na tataramon, o takod na tataramon, sarong tataramon o diyalekto na pansistematikal na piggagamit tanganing magibo nin komunikasyon na posible sa tanga kan mga grupo nin mga tawo na dae naiheras an sarong katutubong tataramon o diyalekto, partikularmente pag ini sarong ikatolong tataramon na naiiba gikan sa parehas na nagtatararam nin mga katutubong tataramon.^[2]

Mababasa pa lalo

Hall, R.A. Jr. (1966). Pidgin and Creole Languages. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0173-9.
Heine, Bernd (1970). Status and Use of African Lingua Francas. ISBN 3-8039-0033-6.
Kahane, Henry Romanos (1958). The Lingua Franca in the Levant.
Melatti, Julio Cezar (1983). Índios do Brasil (48 ed.). São Paulo: Hucitec Press.
Ostler, Nicholas (2005). Empires of the Word. London: Harper. ISBN 978-0-00-711871-7.
Ostler, Nicholas (2010). The Last Lingua Franca. New York: Walker. ISBN 978-0-8027-1771-9.

Mga tololan

↑ "lingua franca – definition of lingua franca in English from the Oxford dictionary". Oxforddictionaries.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
↑ Viacheslav A. Chirikba, "The problem of the Caucasian Sprachbund" in Pieter Muysken, ed., From Linguistic Areas to Areal Linguistics, 2008, p. 31. ISBN 90-272-3100-1

Mga panluwas n takod

"English – the universal language on the Internet?". Archived from the original on 25 September 2006. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
"Lingua franca del Mediterraneo o Sabir of professor Francesco Bruni (in Italian)". Archived from the original on 28 March 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2019. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
"Sample texts". Archived from the original on 9 April 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2019. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link) from Juan del Encina, Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme, Carlo Goldoni's L'Impresario da Smyrna, Diego de Haedo and other sources
"An introduction to the original Mediterranean Lingua Franca". Archived from the original on 8 April 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

[1] "lingua franca – definition of lingua franca in English from the Oxford dictionary". Oxforddictionaries.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.

[2] Viacheslav A. Chirikba, "The problem of the Caucasian Sprachbund" in Pieter Muysken, ed., From Linguistic Areas to Areal Linguistics, 2008, p. 31. ISBN 90-272-3100-1

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