Subangan na Timor

Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste; República Democrática de Timor-Leste (tataramon?); Repúblika Demokrátika de Timór-Leste (tataramon?);
	Bandera Emblem
	Motto: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Plantilya:ISO 639 name pt); Unidade, Asaun, Progresu (Plantilya:ISO 639 name tet); (English: "Unity, Action, Progress")
	Kanta: Pátria (Plantilya:ISO 639 name pt); (English: "Fatherland");
Kapitolyo; and Pinakadakulang Syudad	Dili; 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°ETagboan: 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E
Opisyal na mga tataramon	Portuguese; Tetuma;
National languages	15 languages Atauru; Baikeno; Bekais; Bunak; Fataluku; Galoli; Habun; Idalaka; Kawaimina; Kemak; Makalero; Makasae; Makuva; Mambai; Tokodede; ;
Working languages	English; Indonesian
Relihiyon (2015 census)	99.53% Christianity; —97.57% Catholicism; —1.96% Protestantism; 0.24% Islam; 0.23% Other;
Demonym	East Timorese; Timorese; Maubere (informal);
Gobyerno	Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
• President	José Ramos-Horta
• Prime Minister	José Maria Vasconcelos
Lehistratura	National Parliament
Independence from Portugal and Indonesia
• Portuguese Timor	16th century
• Independence declared	28 November 1975
• Annexation by Indonesia	17 July 1976
• Administered by UNTAET	25 October 1999
• Independence restored	20 May 2002; 22 years ago
Area
• Total	15,007 km2 (5,794 sq mi) (154th)
• Tubig (%)	negligible
Populasyon
• 2021 tantya	1,340,513 (153rd)
• 2015 Sensus	1,183,643
• Densidad	78/km2 (202.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2020 tantya
• Kabuuhan	$5.315 billion
• Per capita	$4,031
GDP (nominal)	2020 tantya
• Kabuuhan	$1.920 billion
• Per capita	$1,456
Gini (2014)	28.7; low
HDI (2019)	0.606; medium · 141st
Currency	United States dollarb (USD)
Sona nin Oras	TLT (UTC+9)
Nagmamaneho sa	left
Kodang pan-apod	+670
ISO 3166 code	TL
Internet TLD	.tlc
	Websityo; timor-leste.gov.tl
	Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution.; Centavo coins also used.; .tp has been phased out.;

An Subangan na Timor o Timor-Leste (Ingles: East Timor; Tetum: Timor Lorosae; opisyal bilang an Demokratikong Republika kan Timor-Leste) sarong nasyon sa Sur-subangan na Asya.

Sakop kaini an subangan na porsyon kan isla nin Timor, an kataid na mga isla kan Atauro sagkod Jaco, asin Oecussi-Ambeno, sarong eksklabo sa gamping norte-sulnopan kan isla sa Sulnopan na Timor kan Indonesya.

Kolonya kan Portuges dati

An Timor-Leste nakolonya kan Portugal kan ika-16 na siglo asin dara an pangaran na Portuges Timor sagkod 28 Nobyembre 1975, kan an Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) nagdeklara kan independensya kaini. Pakalihis syam na aldaw kan deklarasyon, ini pigsakyada asin inokupar kan Indones militar; pigdeklara kan Indonesya kan Hulyo 1976 na ini iyo an saiyang ika-27ng probinsya. An pagsakop kan Indonesya kan Timor-Leste naunambitan na gayo na pwersahan, mapangahas asin bakong matuninong ta sige an madugong bakbakan kan grupong separatista (urog na an Fretelin) asin kan militar Indones.^[12]^[13]

Kan 1999, sunod sa pagbuot kan Naciones Unidas na pigpasunod an sarong plebesito sa mga namamanwaan kan Timor-Leste kun gusto nindang magsadiring nasyon o mapasakop sa Indonesya, an mayorya (sobra 78%) nagpahayag na buot nindang magin talingkas, suway na sa Indonesya asin magkasadiring nasyon. Huli kan resulta kan plebesito, napiritan an Indonesya na maghali asin butsan na an teritoryo kan Timor-Leste. An Timor-Leste iyo an pinakainot na estado nagkamit nin soberanya sa ngunyan na ika-21ng siglo, o eksakto kan 20 Mayo 2002 asin ini nag-apil sa Naciones Unidas^[14] saka man nagbali sa Komunidad nin mga Nasyon na Nagtataram Portuges.^[15] Kan 2011, an Timor-Leste nag-anunsyo na buot mag-ayon sa Asosayon nin mga Nasyon sa Sur-subangan na Asya bilang ika-11 kaapil.^[16] An Timor-Leste iyo sana sa duwang nasyon na predominanteng katoliko sa Sur-subangan na Asya, an saro iyo an Filipinas,^[17] asin ini lang an nasyon sa Asya na namumugtak na gayo sa Hemisperong Habagatan.^[18]

Toltolan

↑ Hicks, David (15 September 2014). Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor. Routledge. ISBN 9781317695356 – via Google Books.
↑ Adelman, Howard (28 June 2011). No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231526906 – via Google Books.
↑ Shoesmith, Dennis (March–April 2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System". Asian Survey 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. ISSN 0004-4687. OCLC 905451085. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231057/http://espace.cdu.edu.au/view/cdu:1248. Retrieved on October 26, 2021. "The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.".
↑ Neto, Octávio Amorim; Lobo, Marina Costa (2010). "Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries". APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1666842_code1512429.pdf. Retrieved on 25 August 2017.
↑ Beuman, Lydia M. (2016). Political Institutions in East Timor: Semi-Presidentialism and Democratisation. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1317362128. LCCN 2015036590. OCLC 983148216. Retrieved 18 August 2017 – via Google Books.
↑ "East Timor Geography". www.easttimorgovernment.com.
↑ "Population by Age & Sex". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
↑ "Gini Index coefficient". CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
↑ "Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
↑ Pagsakyada kan Indonesya.[1] Kinua 10-26-21.
↑ East Timor:Indonesia's invasion.[2]Kinua 10-26-21.
↑ United Nations General Assembly. "Unanumous Assembly Decision Makes Timor-Leste 191st United Nations Member State". United Nations Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. United Nations. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
↑ Taylor-Leech, Kerry (2009). "The language situation in Timor-Leste". Current Issues in Language Planning 10 (1): 1–68. doi:10.1080/14664200802339840.
↑ East Timor Bid to Join ASEAN Wins 'Strong Support', Bangkok Post, date: 31 January 2011.
↑ Cavanaugh, Ray (24 April 2019). "Timor-Leste: A young nation with strong faith and heavy burdens". The Catholic World Report. https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2019/04/24/timor-leste-a-young-nation-with-strong-faith-and-heavy-burdens/.
↑ Bada, Ferdinand (29 August 2019). "Countries Located Completely in the Southern Hemisphere". www.worldatlas.com.

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Mga panluwas na takod

Gobyerno kan Subangan na Timor

Toltolan

[1] Hicks, David (15 September 2014). Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor. Routledge. ISBN 9781317695356 – via Google Books.

[2] Adelman, Howard (28 June 2011). No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231526906 – via Google Books.

[Divided-3] Shoesmith, Dennis (March–April 2003). "Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System". Asian Survey 43 (2): 231–252. doi:10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231. ISSN 0004-4687. OCLC 905451085. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231057/http://espace.cdu.edu.au/view/cdu:1248. Retrieved on October 26, 2021. "The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.".

[SpL-4] Neto, Octávio Amorim; Lobo, Marina Costa (2010). "Between Constitutional Diffusion and Local Politics: Semi-Presidentialism in Portuguese-Speaking Countries". APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1666842_code1512429.pdf. Retrieved on 25 August 2017.

[InstET-5] Beuman, Lydia M. (2016). Political Institutions in East Timor: Semi-Presidentialism and Democratisation. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1317362128. LCCN 2015036590. OCLC 983148216. Retrieved 18 August 2017 – via Google Books.

[auto-6] "East Timor Geography". www.easttimorgovernment.com.

[census-7] "Population by Age & Sex". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)

[imf.org-8] 8.0 ^8.1 "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". www.imf.org. Retrieved 4 May 2019.

[wb-gini-9] "Gini Index coefficient". CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 16 July 2021.

[HDI-10] Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved 16 December 2020.

[religion-11] "Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion". Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2020. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)

[12] Pagsakyada kan Indonesya.[1] Kinua 10-26-21.

[13] East Timor:Indonesia's invasion.[2]Kinua 10-26-21.

[14] United Nations General Assembly. "Unanumous Assembly Decision Makes Timor-Leste 191st United Nations Member State". United Nations Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. United Nations. Retrieved 21 June 2020.

[15] Taylor-Leech, Kerry (2009). "The language situation in Timor-Leste". Current Issues in Language Planning 10 (1): 1–68. doi:10.1080/14664200802339840.

[16] East Timor Bid to Join ASEAN Wins 'Strong Support', Bangkok Post, date: 31 January 2011.

[17] Cavanaugh, Ray (24 April 2019). "Timor-Leste: A young nation with strong faith and heavy burdens". The Catholic World Report. https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2019/04/24/timor-leste-a-young-nation-with-strong-faith-and-heavy-burdens/.

[18] Bada, Ferdinand (29 August 2019). "Countries Located Completely in the Southern Hemisphere". www.worldatlas.com.

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